Theoretical Underpinnings of Energy Security and Energy Diplomacy in Global Context: Reconnoitring India’s Position

In the contemporary era, the global community is currently grappling with a pronounced energy crisis and the consequential challenges of resource mobilization. These circumstances have significant implications for the shifting global balance of power. The concept of security is posited to derive from the perception of potential dangers and instances of crises. Energy is a phenomenon that is closely linked to security and necessitates a comprehensive understanding through a rational approach. The interplay between the preservation and acquisition of energy resources, as well as the buying and selling of these resources, has contributed to the volatility of contemporary international politics (Moran and Russell, Energy Security and Global Politics: The Militarization of Resource Management, Routledge, 2009).

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Notes

Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (now BP); Gulf Oil (later part of Chevron); Royal Dutch Shell, Standard Oil Company of California (SoCal, now Chevron); Standard Oil Company of New Jersey (Esso, later Exxon); Standard Oil Company of New York (Socony, later Mobil, now part of ExxonMobil); Texaco (later merged into Chevron).

OPEC’s current members as of April 2017: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Libya, UAE, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Angola, Gabon.

However, Colgan, Keohane, and Graaf have demonstrated that oil crisis was the result of Yom Kippur War (October 1973) in which the US and Netherlands provoked Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)—not OPEC—to impose oil embargo on Canada, Japan, the US, and Netherlands that further extended to Portugal, Rhodesia and South Africa. Indonesia (lapsed the OPEC membership), Iran, Iraq, Venezuela, and other members did not participate in it. It was resulted in oil supplies decline about 9% on a global scale from October to December 1973 (Colgan et al., 2012, p. 125).

The James A. Baker III Institute is the US-based think tank, was established in 1993 by Rice University, Texas, to provide insights into American Public Policy. It is also called a Baker Institute.

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Authors and Affiliations

1. Department of Gandhian and Peace Studies, School of Social Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India Aslam Khan
2. Department of South and Central Asian Studies, School of International Studies, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India Sandeep Singh
3. Department of South and Central Asian Studies, School of International Studies, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India Bawa Singh
4. Department of Economics, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab, India Amandeep Kaur

1. Aslam Khan